DO NOT PLAGIARIZE, DO NOT USE OUTSIDE SOURCES AND DON’T CITE, AND DO NOT WRITE ANYTHING DIRECTLY FROM THE BOOK PAGES PROVIDED. USE OWN WORDS
Chapter 10 Learning Goals (keep the following questions in mind as you read the chapter)
Distinguish measured from manipulated variables in a study.
Identify an experiment’s independent, dependent, and control variables.
Use the three causal criteria to analyze an experiment’s ability to support a causal claim.
Explain why control variables can help an experimenter eliminate design confounds.
Describe random assignment and explain its role in establishing internal validity.
Describe matching, explain its role in establishing internal validity, and explain situations in which matching may be preferred to random assignment.
Describe how the procedures for independent groups and within-groups experiments are different. Explain the pros and cons of each type of design
Identify posttest-only and pretest/posttest designs and explain when researchers might use each one.
Explain the difference between concurrent-measures and repeated-measures designs.
Describe counterbalancing and explain its role in the internal validity of a within-groups design.
Interrogate the construct validity of the measured variable in an experiment.
Interrogate the construct validity of a manipulated variable in an experiment, and explain the role of manipulation checks and theory testing in establishing construct validity.
Interrogate two aspects of external validity for an experiment (generalization to other populations and to other settings).
Explain why experimenters usually prioritize internal validity over external validity when it is difficult to achieve both.
Identify effect size, d, and statistical significance, and explain what they mean for an experiment.
Directions
DO NOT PLAGIARIZE!
Use the chapter reviews to help guide you through the reading. As you read, stop to paraphrase the definition of each of the following key terms.
After you finish reading, answer the five review questions below.
Feel free to type your information in the Word document and upload it.
Make sure to rename it and save it to a flash drive, hard drive, or Google documents, so you do not lose the information.
Chapter Ten Review
Define each of the terms. Write a definition in your own words.
Experiment
Manipulated Variable
Independent Variable
Condition
Dependent Variable
Control Variable
Comparison Group
Control Group
Treatment Group
Placebo Group
Confound
Design Confound
Systematic Variability
Unsystematic Variablility
Selection Effect
Random Assignment
Matched Groups
Independent-Groups Design
With-in Groups Design
Post-test Design
Repeated Measures Design
Concurrent-Measures Design
Order Effect
Practice Effect
Carryover Effect
Counterbalancing
Full Counterbalancing
Partial Counterbalancing
Latin Square
Demand Characteristic
Manipulation
Pilot Study
Review Questions
How would you design a manipulation using an independent-group design for the following independent variables? How would you manipulate the variables with a within groups design? Explain the advantages and disadvantages of manipulating each independent variable as independent groups versus within groups. Listening to a lesson from a friendly versus a stern teacher
Practicing the piano for 30 minutes a day versus 10 minutes a day
Drinking sugared versus sugar-free lemonade.