The process of drilling for oil and natural gas underseas is much more challenging than drilling on land. Extraction, transportation, and environmental protection are all comparatively more difficult with offshore drilling than with traditional wells. In an attempt to make this process more simple, petroleum companies have developed offshore oil platforms to aid in this extraction. To drill these wells, a number of 9-meter drill pipes are associated with to build a huge drill string used to pass deep into the Earth′s crust. Once connected, this string of drill pipes is attached to a tool that rotation it around, and using the drill bit attached at the lowest point of the drill string the pipes exertion down into the Earth′s surface. This drilling action can take a extended interval of time, lasting anywhere from weeks to months. During this time, if the bit becomes stale and needs successor the supplies is moved to the ocean base in a tube known as a marine riser Each phase of drilling makes a part of the well with a smaller diameter, each part lined with casing. Once drilled and cased, a packer is sent bottom the well which uses and assures the well is sealed.
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